Identifiers and Keywords

DeltaStream SQL uses a lexical policy for identifiers (such as tables, columns, and function names) similar to SQL:

  • The case of identifiers is not preserved unless they are quoted.

  • Double-quotes " and back-ticks ` allow identifiers to contain non-alphanumeric characters, such as SELECT a AS `my field` FROM t.

String literals must be enclosed in single quotes ', such as '你好 Joe'. Duplicate a single quote for escaping, such as SELECT 'It''s me'.

Reserved Keywords

The following is a list of reserved keywords in DeltaStream SQL:

A

ABS

ABSOLUTE

ACTION

ADA

ADD

ADMIN

ADVANCE

AFTER

ALL

ALLOCATE

ALLOW

ALTER

ALWAYS

ANALYZE

AND

ANY

APPROXIMATE

ARE

ARRAY

AS

ASC

ASENSITIVE

ASSERTION

ASSIGNMENT

ASYMMETRIC

AT

ATOMIC

ATTRIBUTE

ATTRIBUTES

AUTHORIZATION

AVG

BEFORE

BEGIN

BERNOULLI

BETWEEN

BIGINT

BINARY

BIT

BLOB

BOOLEAN

BOTH

BREADTH

BY

BYTES

C

CALL

CALLED

CARDINALITY

CASCADE

CASCADED

CASE

CAST

CATALOG

CATALOG_NAME

CATALOGS

CEIL

CEILING

CENTURY

CHAIN

CHANGELOG

CHAR

CHAR_LENGTH

CHARACTER

CHARACTER_LENGTH

CHARACTER_SET_CATALOG

CHARACTER_SET_NAME

CHARACTER_SET_SCHEMA

CHARACTERISTICS

CHARACTERS

CHECK

CLASS_ORIGIN

CLOB

CLOSE

COALESCE

COBOL

COLLATE

COLLATION

COLLATION_CATALOG

COLLATION_NAME

COLLATION_SCHEMA

COLLECT

COLUMN

COLUMN_NAME

COLUMNS

COMMAND_FUNCTION

COMMAND_FUNCTION_CODE

COMMIT

COMMITTED

CONDITION

CONDITION_NUMBER

CONFIDENCE

CONNECT

CONNECTION

CONNECTION_NAME

CONSTRAINT

CONSTRAINT_CATALOG

CONSTRAINT_NAME

CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA

CONSTRAINTS

CONSTRUCTOR

CONTAINS

CONTINUE

CONVERT

CORR

CORRESPONDING

COUNT

COVAR_POP

COVAR_SAMP

CREATE

CROSS

CSTREAM

CUBE

CUME_DIST

CUMULATE

CURRENT

CURRENT_CATALOG

CURRENT_DATE

CURRENT_DEFAULT_TRANSFORM_GROUP

CURRENT_PATH

CURRENT_ROLE

CURRENT_SCHEMA

CURRENT_TIME

CURRENT_TIMESTAMP

CURRENT_TRANSFORM_GROUP_FOR_TYPE

CURRENT_USER

CURSOR

CURSOR_NAME

CYCLE

DATA

DATABASE

DATE

DATETIME_INTERVAL_CODE

DATETIME_INTERVAL_PRECISION

DAY

DAYS

DEALLOCATE

DEC

DECADE

DECIMAL

DECLARE

DEFAULT

DEFAULTS

DEFERRABLE

DEFERRED

DEFINED

DEFINER

DEGREE

DELETE

DENSE_RANK

DEPTH

DEREF

DERIVED

DESC

DESCRIBE

DESCRIPTION

DESCRIPTOR

DETERMINISTIC

DIAGNOSTICS

DISALLOW

DISCONNECT

DISPATCH

DISTINCT

DISTRIBUTED

DOMAIN

DOUBLE

DOW

DOY

DROP

DYNAMIC

DYNAMIC_FUNCTION

DYNAMIC_FUNCTION_CODE

EACH

ELEMENT

ELSE

END

END-EXEC

EPOCH

EQUALS

ESCAPE

EVERY

EXCEPT

EXCEPTION

EXCLUDE

EXCLUDING

EXEC

EXECUTE

EXISTS

EXP

EXPLAIN

EXPORT

EXTEND

EXTENDED

EXTERNAL

EXTRACT

FALSE

FETCH

FILTER

FINAL

FIRST

FIRST_VALUE

FLOAT

FLOOR

FOLLOWING

FOR

FOREIGN

FORMAT

FORTRAN

FOUND

FRAC_SECOND

FREE

FROM

FULL

FUNCTION

FUNCTIONS

FUSION

G

GAP

GENERAL

GENERATED

GET

GLOBAL

GO

GOTO

GRANT

GRANTED

GRAPHVIZ

GROUP

GROUPING

HAVING

HIERARCHY

HOLD

HOP

HOPPING

HOUR

HOURS

IDENTITY

IF

IMMEDIATE

IMPLEMENTATION

IMPORT

IN

INCLUDING

INCREMENT

INDICATOR

INITIALLY

INNER

INOUT

INPUT

INSENSITIVE

INSERT

INSTANCE

INSTANTIABLE

INT

INTEGER

INTERSECT

INTERSECTION

INTERVAL

INTO

INVOKER

IS

ISOLATION

JAVA

JOIN

K

KEY

KEY_MEMBER

KEY_TYPE

LABEL

LANGUAGE

LARGE

LAST

LAST_VALUE

LATERAL

LEADING

LEFT

LENGTH

LEVEL

LIBRARY

LIKE

LIMIT

LIST

LN

LOAD

LOCAL

LOCALTIME

LOCALTIMESTAMP

LOCATOR

LOGICAL

LOWER

M

MAP

MATCH

MATCHED

MATERIALIZED

MAX

MAXVALUE

MEMBER

MERGE

MESSAGE_LENGTH

MESSAGE_OCTET_LENGTH

MESSAGE_TEXT

METADATA

METHOD

MICROSECOND

MILLENNIUM

MILLISECOND

MILLISECONDS

MIN

MINUTE

MINUTES

MINVALUE

MOD

MODIFIES

MODULE

MODULES

MONTH

MONTHS

MORE

MULTISET

MUMPS

NAME

NAMES

NATIONAL

NATURAL

NCHAR

NCLOB

NESTING

NEW

NEXT

NFC

NFD

NFKC

NFKD

NO

NONE

NORMALIZE

NORMALIZED

NOT

NULL

NULLABLE

NULLIF

NULLS

NUMBER

NUMERIC

OBJECT

OCTET_LENGTH

OCTETS

OF

OFFSET

OLD

ON

ONLY

OPEN

OPTION

OPTIONS

OR

ORDER

ORDERING

ORDINALITY

OTHERS

OUT

OUTER

OUTPUT

OVER

OVERLAPS

OVERLAY

OVERRIDING

OWNER

PAD

PARAMETER

PARAMETER_MODE

PARAMETER_NAME

PARAMETER_ORDINAL_POSITION

PARAMETER_SPECIFIC_CATALOG

PARAMETER_SPECIFIC_NAME

PARAMETER_SPECIFIC_SCHEMA

PARTIAL

PARTITION

PARTITIONS

PASCAL

PASSTHROUGH

PATH

PERCENT_RANK

PERCENTILE_CONT

PERCENTILE_DISC

PLACING

PLAN

PLI

POISSONIZED

POSITION

POWER

PRECEDING

PRECISION

PREPARE

PRESERVE

PRIMARY

PRINT

PRIOR

PRIVILEGES

PROCEDURE

PROPERTIES

PUBLIC

QUARTER

QUERIES

QUERY

RANGE

RANK

RAW

READ

READS

REAL

RECURSIVE

REF

REFERENCES

REFERENCING

REGISTER

REGISTERED

REGR_AVGX

REGR_AVGY

REGR_COUNT

REGR_INTERCEPT

REGR_R2

REGR_SLOPE

REGR_SXX

REGR_SXY

REGR_SYY

REJECT

RELATION

RELATIVE

RELEASE

RENAME

REPEATABLE

REPLACE

REPLICAS

RESCALED

RESET

RESTART

RESTRICT

RESULT

RETURN

RETURNED_CARDINALITY

RETURNED_LENGTH

RETURNED_OCTET_LENGTH

RETURNED_SQLSTATE

RETURNS

REVOKE

RIGHT

ROLE

ROLLBACK

ROLLUP

ROUTINE

ROUTINE_CATALOG

ROUTINE_NAME

ROUTINE_SCHEMA

ROW

ROW_COUNT

ROW_NUMBER

ROWS

RUN

SAMPLE

SAVEPOINT

SCALE

SCHEMA

SCHEMA_NAME

SCHEMAS

SCOPE

SCOPE_CATALOGS

SCOPE_NAME

SCOPE_SCHEMA

SCRIPT

SCROLL

SEARCH

SECOND

SECONDS

SECTION

SECURITY

SELECT

SELF

SENSITIVE

SEQUENCE

SERIALIZABLE

SERVER

SERVER_NAME

SESSION

SESSION_USER

SET

SETS

SHOW

SIMILAR

SIMPLE

SIZE

SMALLINT

SOME

SOURCE

SPACE

SPECIFIC

SPECIFIC_NAME

SPECIFICTYPE

SQL

SQL_TSI_DAY

SQL_TSI_FRAC_SECOND

SQL_TSI_HOUR

SQL_TSI_MICROSECOND

SQL_TSI_MINUTE

SQL_TSI_MONTH

SQL_TSI_QUARTER

SQL_TSI_SECOND

SQL_TSI_WEEK

SQL_TSI_YEAR

SQLEXCEPTION

SQLSTATE

SQLWARNING

SQRT

START

STATE

STATEMENT

STATIC

STDDEV_POP

STDDEV_SAMP

STEP

STRATIFY

STREAM

STRING

STRUCT

STRUCTURE

STYLE

SUBCLASS_ORIGIN

SUBMULTISET

SUBSTITUTE

SUBSTRING

SUM

SYMMETRIC

SYSTEM

SYSTEM_USER

TABLE

TABLE_NAME

TABLES

TABLESAMPLE

TEMPORARY

TEXT

THEN

TIES

TIME

TIMESTAMP

TIMESTAMPADD

TIMESTAMPDIFF

TIMEZONE_HOUR

TIMEZONE_MINUTE

TINYINT

TO

TOP_LEVEL_COUNT

TRAILING

TRANSACTION

TRANSACTIONS_ACTIVE

TRANSACTIONS_COMMITTED

TRANSACTIONS_ROLLED_BACK

TRANSFORM

TRANSFORMS

TRANSLATE

TRANSLATION

TREAT

TRIGGER

TRIGGER_CATALOG

TRIGGER_NAME

TRIGGER_SCHEMA

TRIM

TRUE

TRY

TRY_CAST

TUMBLE

TUMBLING

TYPE

UESCAPE

UNBOUNDED

UNCOMMITTED

UNDER

UNION

UNIQUE

UNKNOWN

UNNAMED

UNNEST

UNSET

UPDATE

UPPER

UPSERT

USAGE

USE

USER

USER_DEFINED_TYPE_CATALOG

USER_DEFINED_TYPE_CODE

USER_DEFINED_TYPE_NAME

USER_DEFINED_TYPE_SCHEMA

USING

VALUE

VALUES

VAR_POP

VAR_SAMP

VARBINARY

VARCHAR

VARYING

VERSION

VIEW

WEEK

WHEN

WHENEVER

WHERE

WIDTH_BUCKET

WINDOW

WITH

WITHIN

WITHOUT

WORK

WRAPPER

WRITE

XML

YEAR

YEARS

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